Internal volutes are limited in its radial and axial extensions (see gray lines in the picture).

The additional bend can be described by the following parameters:
Neck width |
side distance from volute inlet to actual volute cross sections |
Inner bend shape |
shape of the inner bend wall |
Ratio |
semiaxis ratio for quarter bend |
Outer bend shape |
shape of the outer bend wall |
Bend area ratio |
ratio of outlet to inlet section of the bend |
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